askHELTIE HELTIEdog® The Function of the Spleen in Dogs

The Function of the Spleen in Dogs

The spleen is an important but often overlooked organ in dogs. It functions as both a blood filter and a storage organ, and also plays a key role in the immune system. Dogs can develop several types of spleen disorders.

Organs

Resistance

11 October '25 • 1 min reading time

The spleen is a dark red, elongated organ located in the abdominal cavity near the stomach. It has several essential functions:

  • Filtering blood: The spleen removes old or damaged red blood cells and other waste products from circulation.
  • Storing blood: It stores blood and iron, which can be quickly released in emergencies such as blood loss.
  • Immune system support: The spleen helps defend against infections by producing white blood cells and antibodies.
  • Blood cell production: In young dogs, the spleen assists in the formation of red blood cells.

A well-functioning spleen helps keep the blood clean, maintains oxygen levels, and supports immune balance.

Spleen Disorders

Common issues include:

  • Spleen tumors, benign or malignant (including hemangiosarcoma).
  • Ruptured spleen due to trauma or tumor rupture – a life-threatening emergency.
  • Spleen torsion or infarction, which cuts off blood supply and causes swelling.
  • Enlarged spleen, often caused by bacterial infections or blood diseases.

Symptoms

Symptoms can develop suddenly or gradually: fatigue, swollen abdomen, loss of appetite, pale gums, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, fever, weakness, or even collapse. If you notice any of these signs, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Removing the Spleen

In cases of rupture, enlargement, or tumors, surgical removal is often necessary. Fortunately, dogs can live well without a spleen, as the liver and lymph nodes can take over part of its functions. However, they may tire more easily and be more prone to infections afterward.

Strengthening the Immune System with Clove Extract

The immune system is closely linked to the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which transmits vital signals between cells, influencing processes such as oxygen transport, nerve communication, and immune defense. Plant-derived cannabinoids from the clove plant can help support the ECS, thereby boosting your dog’s natural immunity.

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